The most important concept here is “Sovereignty”. Sovereignty refers to the full and exclusive power of the state to determine the course of its destiny. It also refers to the right of states for self-determination, the supreme power of the state to enforce obedience among its people.
The historical bases of state are presented below according to the order of their development: primitive states, city-states, Roman Imperial states, feudal states, and modern states.
There are various theories that suggest the basis of state. These are Divine Right Theory, Social Contract Theory, Patriarchal and Matriarchal Theories, Instinctive Theory...
The physical basis of State includes territory and people. Territory includes lands and all inland bodies of water and the sea within the three (3) mile limit of its shores. People refers to the occupants of the territory.